This is for +CVS-20050202 XEmacs makes it through the compilation and link stage but fails after trying to load paragraphs.el: Loading paragraphs.el... *** Error in XEmacs initialization (void-function define-minor-mode) Here are the configuration options: ./configure '--with-mule' '--with-widgets=athena' '--with-athena=3d' '--with-dialogs=athena' '--with-scrollbars=athena' '--error-checking=none' '--site-libraries=/opt/local/lib:/usr/X11R6/lib:/usr/lib' '--debug=no' '--site-runtime-libraries=/opt/local/lib:/usr/X11R6/lib:/usr/lib' '--package-path=/Users/royar/usr/local/lib/xemacs/xemacs-packages:/Users/royar/usr/local/lib/xemacs/mule-packages' '--prefix=/Users/royar/usr/local' '--with-prefix' '--with-png' '--with-jpeg' '--with-tiff' '--cflags= -Os' '--pdump' '--with-xmu' '--with-xim=no' '--with-sound=esd' '--with-xfs=no' '--use-number-lib=gmp' '--use-union-type' '--dynamic=yes' '--with-gnome' XEmacs 21.5-b18 "chestnut" (+CVS-20050202) configured for `powerpc-apple-darwin7.7.0'. Here is the material portion of the compilation log: gcc -Wall -Wno-switch -Wmissing-prototypes -Wsign-compare -Wno-char-subscripts -Wundef -Wstrict-prototypes -Wpacked -Wpointer-arith -Wunused-parameter -g -Os -L/opt/local/lib -lncurses -L/opt/local/lib -L/usr/X11R6/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/X11R6/lib -o temacs abbrev.o alloc.o alloca.o balloon_help.o balloon-x.o blocktype.o buffer.o bytecode.o callint.o casefiddle.o casetab.o chartab.o filelock.o cmdloop.o cmds.o console.o console-stream.o data.o database.o device.o dired.o doc.o doprnt.o dynarr.o editfns.o elhash.o emacs.o emodules.o eval.o events.o event-stream.o event-unixoid.o dumper.o inline.o esd.o miscplay.o terminfo.o extents.o faces.o file-coding.o fileio.o filemode.o floatfns.o fns.o font-lock.o frame.o general.o dgif_lib.o gif_io.o glyphs.o glyphs-eimage.o glyphs-shared.o glyphs-widget.o gui.o menubar.o scrollbar.o dialog.o toolbar.o gutter.o hash.o imgproc.o indent.o insdel.o intl.o keymap.o line-number.o lread.o lstream.o macros.o marker.o md5.o minibuf.o mule-ccl.o mule-charset.o mule-coding.o number-gmp.o number.o objects.o opaque.o print.o process.o process-unix.o profile.o rangetab.o realpath.o redisplay.o redisplay-output.o regex.o search.o select.o sysdll.o signal.o sound.o specifier.o strftime.o symbols.o syntax.o sysdep.o text.o console-tty.o device-tty.o event-tty.o frame-tty.o objects-tty.o redisplay-tty.o cm.o undo.o unicode.o console-x.o device-x.o event-Xt.o frame-x.o glyphs-x.o objects-x.o redisplay-x.o select-x.o xgccache.o intl-x.o gui-x.o menubar-x.o scrollbar-x.o dialog-x.o toolbar-x.o toolbar-common.o widget.o window.o lastfile.o EmacsFrame.o EmacsShell.o TopLevelEmacsShell.o TransientEmacsShell.o EmacsManager.o dump-id.o dump-data.o ../lwlib/liblw.a -lXaw3d -ltiff -lpng -ljpeg -lz -lXpm -lXmu -lXt -lXext -lX11 -lSM -lICE -lgmp -lgdbm -lncurses -L/opt/local/lib -lesd -laudiofile -lm -lintl ld: warning multiple definitions of symbol _alarm signal.o definition of _alarm in section (__TEXT,__text) /usr/lib/libm.dylib(alarm.So) definition of _alarm ./temacs -nd -no-packages -batch -l /Users/royar/src/xemacs/src/../lisp/update-elc.el Loading /Users/royar/src/xemacs/src/../lisp/update-elc.el... Loading find-paths.el... Loading packages.el... Loading setup-paths.el... Loading /Users/royar/src/xemacs/lisp/dumped-lisp.el... Wrote /Users/royar/src/xemacs/src/NEEDTODUMP Loading loadup-el.el... Loading loadup.el... Using load-path (/Users/royar/src/xemacs/lisp/) Using module-load-path (/Users/royar/src/xemacs/modules) Loading dumped-lisp.el... Loading backquote.el... Loading bytecomp-runtime.el... Loading find-paths.el... Loading packages.el... Loading setup-paths.el... Loading subr.el... Loading post-gc.el... Loading replace.el... Loading version.el... Loading cl.el... Loading cl-extra.el... Requiring obsolete.el... Loading cl-seq.el... Loading widget.el... Loading custom.el... Loading cl-macs.el... Requiring cus-face.el... Requiring font.el... Requiring disp-table.el... Loading cus-start.el... Loading cmdloop.el... Loading keymap.el... Loading syntax.el... Loading device.el... Loading console.el... Loading obsolete.el... Loading specifier.el... Loading frame.el... Loading x-faces.el... Loading faces.el... Loading glyphs.el... Loading objects.el... Loading extents.el... Loading events.el... Loading hash-table.el... Loading text-props.el... Loading process.el... Loading multicast.el... Loading map-ynp.el... Loading undo-stack.el... Loading window.el... Loading window-xemacs.el... Loading simple.el... Loading newcomment.el... Loading keydefs.el... Loading abbrev.el... Loading derived.el... Loading minibuf.el... Loading list-mode.el... Loading modeline.el... Loading cus-file.el... Loading startup.el... Loading misc.el... Loading help.el... Requiring help-macro.el... Loading files.el... Loading lib-complete.el... Loading format.el... Loading indent.el... Loading isearch-mode.el... Loading buffer.el... Loading buff-menu.el... Loading paths.el... Loading lisp.el... Loading page.el... Loading register.el... Loading iso8859-1.el... Loading paragraphs.el... *** Error in XEmacs initialization (void-function define-minor-mode) *** Backtrace really-early-error-handler((void-function define-minor-mode)) (define-minor-mode use-hard-newlines "Minor mode to distinguish hard and soft newlines.\nWhen active, the functions `newline' and `open-line' add the\ntext-property `hard' to newlines that they insert, and a line is\nonly considered as a candidate to match `paragraph-start' or\n`paragraph-separate' if it follows a hard newline.\n\nPrefix argument says to turn mode on if positive, off if negative.\nWhen the mode is turned on, if there are newlines in the buffer but no hard\nnewlines, ask the user whether to mark as hard any newlines preceeding a\n`paragraph-start' line. From a program, second arg INSERT specifies whether\nto do this; it can be `never' to change nothing, t or `always' to force\nmarking, `guess' to try to do the right thing with no questions, nil\nor anything else to ask the user.\n\nNewlines not marked hard are called \"soft\", and are always internal\nto paragraphs. The fill functions insert and delete only soft newlines." :group (quote paragraphs) :extr! a-args (insert) (when use-hard-newlines (if (or (eq insert t) (eq insert (quote always)) (and (not (eq (quote never) insert)) (not (text-property-any (point-min) (point-max) (quote hard) t)) (save-excursion (goto-char (point-min)) (search-forward "\n" nil t)) (or (eq insert (quote guess)) (y-or-n-p "Make newlines between paragraphs hard? ")))) (save-excursion (goto-char (point-min)) (while (search-forward "\n" nil t) (let ((pos (point))) (move-to-left-margin) (when (looking-at paragraph-start) (set-hard-newline-properties (1- pos) pos)) (when (looking-at paragraph-separate) (set-hard-newline-properties (1- pos) pos) (end-of-line) (unless (eobp) (set-hard-newline-properties (point) (1+ (point))))))))))) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) load("/Users/royar/src/xemacs/lisp/paragraphs.el") (prog1 (load full-path) (unless (memq (quote quick-build) internal-error-checking) (garbage-collect))) (if full-path (prog1 (load full-path) (unless (memq (quote quick-build) internal-error-checking) (garbage-collect))) (external-debugging-output (format "\nLoad file %s: not found\n" file)) nil) # bind (full-path) (let ((full-path (locate-file file load-path (if load-ignore-elc-files (quote (".el" "")) (quote (".elc" ".el" "")))))) (if full-path (prog1 (load full-path) (unless (memq (quote quick-build) internal-error-checking) (garbage-collect))) (external-debugging-output (format "\nLoad file %s: not found\n" file)) nil)) # bind (file) pureload("paragraphs") (if (pureload file) nil (external-debugging-output "Fatal error during load, aborting") (kill-emacs 1)) (unless (pureload file) (external-debugging-output "Fatal error during load, aborting") (kill-emacs 1)) (while (setq file (car files)) (unless (pureload file) (external-debugging-output "Fatal error during load, aborting") (kill-emacs 1)) (setq files (cdr files))) # bind (file files) (let ((files preloaded-file-list) file) (while (setq file (car files)) (unless (pureload file) (external-debugging-output "Fatal error during load, aborting") (kill-emacs 1)) (setq files (cdr files))) (when (not (featurep (quote toolbar))) (defun toolbar-button-p (obj) "No toolbar support." nil) (defun toolbar-specifier-p (obj) "No toolbar support." nil)) (fmakunbound (quote pureload))) (lambda nil (setq Installation-string (save-current-buffer (set-buffer (get-buffer-create (generate-new-buffer-name " *temp*"))) (fset (quote format-decode) (function (lambda (f l &optional v) l))) (insert-file-contents-internal (expand-file-name "Installation" build-root)) (fmakunbound (quote format-decode)) (prog1 (buffer-substring) (kill-buffer (current-buffer))))) (setq load-path (list source-lisp)) (setq module-load-path (list (expand-file-name "modules" build-root))) (external-debugging-output (format "\nUsing load-path %s" load-path)) (external-debugging-output (format "\nUsing module-load-path %s" module-load-path)) (buffer-disable-undo (get-buffer "*scratch*")) (let ((temp-path (expand-file-name "." (car load-path)))) (setq load-path (nconc (mapcar (function (lambda (i) (concat i "/"))) (directory-files temp-path t "^[^-.]" nil (quote dirs-only))) (cons (file-name-as-directory temp-path) load-path)))) (setq load-warn-when-source-only t) (defun pureload (file) (le! t ((full-path (locate-file file load-path (if load-ignore-elc-files (quote (".el" "")) (quote (".elc" ".el" "")))))) (if full-path (prog1 (load full-path) (unless (memq (quote quick-build) internal-error-checking) (garbage-collect))) (external-debugging-output (format "\nLoad file %s: not found\n" file)) nil))) (load (expand-file-name "dumped-lisp.el" source-lisp)) (let ((files preloaded-file-list) file) (while (setq file (car files)) (unless (pureload file) (external-debugging-output "Fatal error during load, aborting") (kill-emacs 1)) (setq files (cdr files))) (when (not (featurep (quote toolbar))) (defun toolbar-button-p (obj) "No toolbar support." nil) (defun toolbar-specifier-p (obj) "No toolbar support." nil)) (fmakunbound (quote pureload))) (when (and (featurep (quote mule)) load-unicode-tables-at-dump-time) (let ((data-directory (expand-file-name "etc" source-root))) (load-unicode-tables))) (packages-load-package-dumped-lisps late-package-load-path))() # (unwind-protect ...) call-with-condition-handler(really-early-error-handler (lambda nil (setq Installation-string (save-current-buffer (set-buffer (get-buffer-create (generate-new-buffer-name " *temp*"))) (fset (quote format-decode) (function (lambda (f l &optional v) l))) (insert-file-contents-internal (expand-file-name "Installation" build-root)) (fmakunbound (quote format-decode)) (prog1 (buffer-substring) (kill-buffer (current-buffer))))) (setq load-path (list source-lisp)) (setq module-load-path (list (expand-file-name "modules" build-root))) (external-debugging-output (format "\nUsing load-path %s" load-path)) (external-debugging-output (format "\nUsing module-load-path %s" module-load-path)) (buffer-disable-undo (get-buffer "*scratch*")) (let ((temp-path (expand-file-name "." (car load-path)))) (setq load-path (nconc (mapcar (function (lambda (i) (concat i "/"))) (directory-files temp-path t "^[^-.]" nil (quote dirs-only))) (cons (file-name-as-directory temp-path) load-path)))) (setq l! oad-warn-when-source-only t) (defun pureload (file) (let ((full-path (locate-file file load-path (if load-ignore-elc-files (quote (".el" "")) (quote (".elc" ".el" "")))))) (if full-path (prog1 (load full-path) (unless (memq (quote quick-build) internal-error-checking) (garbage-collect))) (external-debugging-output (format "\nLoad file %s: not found\n" file)) nil))) (load (expand-file-name "dumped-lisp.el" source-lisp)) (let ((files preloaded-file-list) file) (while (setq file (car files)) (unless (pureload file) (external-debugging-output "Fatal error during load, aborting") (kill-emacs 1)) (setq files (cdr files))) (when (not (featurep (quote toolbar))) (defun toolbar-button-p (obj) "No toolbar support." nil) (defun toolbar-specifier-p (obj) "No toolbar support." nil)) (fmakunbound (quote pureload))) (when (and (featurep (quote mule)) load-unicode-tables-at-dump-time) (let ((data-directory (expand-file-name "etc" source-root))) (load-unicode-tables))) (packages-load-packag! e-dumped-lisps late-package-load-path))) # bind (stack-trace-on-error) (let ((stack-trace-on-error nil)) (call-with-condition-handler (quote really-early-error-handler) (function (lambda nil (setq Installation-string (save-current-buffer (set-buffer (get-buffer-create (generate-new-buffer-name " *temp*"))) (fset (quote format-decode) (function (lambda (f l &optional v) l))) (insert-file-contents-internal (expand-file-name "Installation" build-root)) (fmakunbound (quote format-decode)) (prog1 (buffer-substring) (kill-buffer (current-buffer))))) (setq load-path (list source-lisp)) (setq module-load-path (list (expand-file-name "modules" build-root))) (external-debugging-output (format "\nUsing load-path %s" load-path)) (external-debugging-output (format "\nUsing module-load-path %s" module-load-path)) (buffer-disable-undo (get-buffer "*scratch*")) (let ((temp-path (expand-file-name "." (car load-path)))) (setq load-path (nconc (mapcar (function (lambda (i) (concat i "/"))) (directory-files temp-path t "^[^-.]" nil (quote dirs-only))) (cons (fi! le-name-as-directory temp-path) load-path)))) (setq load-warn-when-source-only t) (defun pureload (file) (let ((full-path (locate-file file load-path (if load-ignore-elc-files (quote (".el" "")) (quote (".elc" ".el" "")))))) (if full-path (prog1 (load full-path) (unless (memq (quote quick-build) internal-error-checking) (garbage-collect))) (external-debugging-output (format "\nLoad file %s: not found\n" file)) nil))) (load (expand-file-name "dumped-lisp.el" source-lisp)) (let ((files preloaded-file-list) file) (while (setq file (car files)) (unless (pureload file) (external-debugging-output "Fatal error during load, aborting") (kill-emacs 1)) (setq files (cdr files))) (when (not (featurep (quote toolbar))) (defun toolbar-button-p (obj) "No toolbar support." nil) (defun toolbar-specifier-p (obj) "No toolbar support." nil)) (fmakunbound (quote pureload))) (when (and (featurep (quote mule)) load-unicode-tables-at-dump-time) (let ((data-directory (expand-file-name "etc" source-! root))) (load-unicode-tables))) (packages-load-package-dumped-! lisps la te-package-load-path))))) # bind (gc-cons-threshold) (let ((gc-cons-threshold (if (and purify-flag (not (memq (quote quick-build) internal-error-checking))) 30000 3000000))) (let ((stack-trace-on-error nil)) (call-with-condition-handler (quote really-early-error-handler) (function (lambda nil (setq Installation-string (save-current-buffer (set-buffer (get-buffer-create (generate-new-buffer-name " *temp*"))) (fset (quote format-decode) (function (lambda (f l &optional v) l))) (insert-file-contents-internal (expand-file-name "Installation" build-root)) (fmakunbound (quote format-decode)) (prog1 (buffer-substring) (kill-buffer (current-buffer))))) (setq load-path (list source-lisp)) (setq module-load-path (list (expand-file-name "modules" build-root))) (external-debugging-output (format "\nUsing load-path %s" load-path)) (external-debugging-output (format "\nUsing module-load-path %s" module-load-path)) (buffer-disable-undo (get-buffer "*scratch*")) (let ((temp-path (expand-file-name "." (car load-path)))) (setq load-path (nco! nc (mapcar (function (lambda (i) (concat i "/"))) (directory-files temp-path t "^[^-.]" nil (quote dirs-only))) (cons (file-name-as-directory temp-path) load-path)))) (setq load-warn-when-source-only t) (defun pureload (file) (let ((full-path (locate-file file load-path (if load-ignore-elc-files (quote (".el" "")) (quote (".elc" ".el" "")))))) (if full-path (prog1 (load full-path) (unless (memq (quote quick-build) internal-error-checking) (garbage-collect))) (external-debugging-output (format "\nLoad file %s: not found\n" file)) nil))) (load (expand-file-name "dumped-lisp.el" source-lisp)) (let ((files preloaded-file-list) file) (while (setq file (car files)) (unless (pureload file) (external-debugging-output "Fatal error during load, aborting") (kill-emacs 1)) (setq files (cdr files))) (when (not (featurep (quote toolbar))) (defun toolbar-button-p (obj) "No toolbar support." nil) (defun toolbar-specifier-p (obj) "No toolbar support." nil)) (fmakunbound (quote pureload))) (! when (and (featurep (quote mule)) load-unicode-tables-at-dump-! time) (l et ((data-directory (expand-file-name "etc" source-root))) (load-unicode-tables))) (packages-load-package-dumped-lisps late-package-load-path))))) (setq preloaded-file-list (mapcar (function file-name-sans-extension) preloaded-file-list)) (setq load-warn-when-source-only nil) (setq debugger (quote debug)) (when (member "no-site-file" command-line-args) (setq site-start-file nil)) (when (load "site-load" t) (garbage-collect)) (when purify-flag (message "Finding pointers to doc strings...") (Snarf-documentation "DOC") (message "Finding pointers to doc strings...done") (Verify-documentation)) (when (stringp site-start-file) (load "site-init" t)) (setq current-load-list nil) (garbage-collect) (buffer-enable-undo "*scratch*")) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) load("loadup.el") # bind (purify-flag load-ignore-elc-files) (let ((load-ignore-elc-files t) (purify-flag nil)) (load "loadup.el")) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) load("loadup-el.el") (cond ((and (not update-elc-files-to-compile) (not need-to-rebuild-autoloads) (not need-to-rebuild-mule-autoloads) (not need-to-recompile-autoloads) (not need-to-recompile-mule-autoloads))) ((not update-elc-files-to-compile) (condition-case nil (write-region-internal "foo" nil (expand-file-name "src/REBUILD_AUTOLOADS" build-root)) (file-error nil))) (t (let ((bc-bootstrap (mapcar (function (lambda (arg) (concat (update-elc-chop-extension (locate-library arg)) ".el"))) lisp-files-needed-for-byte-compilation)) (bootstrap-other (mapcar (function (lambda (arg) (concat (update-elc-chop-extension (locate-library arg)) ".el"))) lisp-files-needing-early-byte-compilation))) (setq inhibit-autoloads t) (let ((recompile-bc-bootstrap (apply (function nconc) (mapcar (function (lambda (arg) (when (member arg update-elc-files-to-compile) (append (quote ("-f" "batch-byte-compile-one-file")) (list arg))))) bc-bootstrap))) (recompile-bootstrap-other (apply (function nconc) (mapcar (function! (lambda (arg) (when (member arg update-elc-files-to-compile) (append (quote ("-f" "batch-byte-compile-one-file")) (list arg))))) bootstrap-other)))) (mapc-internal (function (lambda (arg) (setq update-elc-files-to-compile (delete arg update-elc-files-to-compile)))) (append bc-bootstrap bootstrap-other)) (setq command-line-args (append (quote ("-l" "loadup-el.el" "run-temacs" "-batch" "-no-packages" "-no-autoloads" "-eval" "(setq stack-trace-on-error t)" "-eval" "(setq load-always-display-messages t)")) (when recompile-bc-bootstrap (append (quote ("-eval" "(setq load-ignore-elc-files t)" "-l" "bytecomp")) recompile-bc-bootstrap (quote ("-eval" "(setq load-ignore-elc-files nil)")))) (quote ("-l" "bytecomp")) recompile-bootstrap-other do-autoload-commands (quote ("-eval" "(setq inhibit-autoloads nil)" "-f" "startup-load-autoloads" "-f" "batch-byte-compile")) update-elc-files-to-compile)))) (load "loadup-el.el"))) # bind (do-autoload-commands) (let ((do-autoload-commands (append (if (or need-to-rebuild-autoloads need-to-rebuild-mule-autoloads) (list "-l" "autoload")) (if need-to-rebuild-autoloads (list "-f" "batch-update-directory-autoloads" "auto" source-lisp)) (if need-to-rebuild-mule-autoloads (list "-f" "batch-update-directory-autoloads" "mule" source-lisp-mule)) (if need-to-recompile-autoloads (list "-f" "batch-byte-compile-one-file" aa-lisp)) (if need-to-recompile-mule-autoloads (list "-f" "batch-byte-compile-one-file" aa-lisp-mule))))) (condition-case nil (delete-file (expand-file-name "src/REBUILD_AUTOLOADS" build-root)) (file-error nil)) (cond ((and (not update-elc-files-to-compile) (not need-to-rebuild-autoloads) (not need-to-rebuild-mule-autoloads) (not need-to-recompile-autoloads) (not need-to-recompile-mule-autoloads))) ((not update-elc-files-to-compile) (condition-case nil (write-region-internal "foo" nil (expand-file-name "src/REBUILD_AUTOLOADS" build-root)) (file-error nil))) (t (let ((bc-bootst! rap (mapcar (function (lambda (arg) (concat (update-elc-chop-extension (locate-library arg)) ".el"))) lisp-files-needed-for-byte-compilation)) (bootstrap-other (mapcar (function (lambda (arg) (concat (update-elc-chop-extension (locate-library arg)) ".el"))) lisp-files-needing-early-byte-compilation))) (setq inhibit-autoloads t) (let ((recompile-bc-bootstrap (apply (function nconc) (mapcar (function (lambda (arg) (when (member arg update-elc-files-to-compile) (append (quote ("-f" "batch-byte-compile-one-file")) (list arg))))) bc-bootstrap))) (recompile-bootstrap-other (apply (function nconc) (mapcar (function (lambda (arg) (when (member arg update-elc-files-to-compile) (append (quote ("-f" "batch-byte-compile-one-file")) (list arg))))) bootstrap-other)))) (mapc-internal (function (lambda (arg) (setq update-elc-files-to-compile (delete arg update-elc-files-to-compile)))) (append bc-bootstrap bootstrap-other)) (setq command-line-args (append (quote ("-l" "loadup-el.el" "run-te! macs" "-batch" "-no-packages" "-no-autoloads" "-eval" "(setq s! tack-tra ce-on-error t)" "-eval" "(setq load-always-display-messages t)")) (when recompile-bc-bootstrap (append (quote ("-eval" "(setq load-ignore-elc-files t)" "-l" "bytecomp")) recompile-bc-bootstrap (quote ("-eval" "(setq load-ignore-elc-files nil)")))) (quote ("-l" "bytecomp")) recompile-bootstrap-other do-autoload-commands (quote ("-eval" "(setq inhibit-autoloads nil)" "-f" "startup-load-autoloads" "-f" "batch-byte-compile")) update-elc-files-to-compile)))) (load "loadup-el.el")))) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) # (unwind-protect ...) load("/Users/royar/src/xemacs/src/../lisp/update-elc.el") # (condition-case ... . error) # (catch top-level ...) *** Killing XEmacs make[1]: *** [NEEDTODUMP] Error 255 make: *** [src] Error 2 -- Dr. Robert Delius Royar Associate Professor of English Morehead State University Morehead, Kentucky