Hi XEmacs people, As to bidi, I have code now which more or less does the bidi algorithm without explicit direction codes. It is therefore not useful when transforming logical to visual order. It is, however, useful when transforming visual to logical. And since I think that adding the explicit direction code treatment ought to be very easy, I may still add it in the days to come. All of this plus some testing of the functions is in bidi.el. The bidi code I use needs tables that classify characters according to the bidi types used in the Unicode Tech Report, UAX#9. These tables use the bidi type classification from unicode.org, and it uses this info for all the 8859 charsets. This is in bidi-table.el -- about 500k. I also have a test table which only sets bidi types for ASCII characters and which uses the bidi type R (like Hebrew and Arabic) for capital letters. This is great when tinkering with the code and when writing test cases in plain ASCII. This is in bidi-table-test.el -- about 5k. The classification of characters in Emacs relies on Category Tables. In Emacs, these categories can be modified on the Lisp level. Since I didn't want to reserve any categories, I'm getting some unused categories when bidi.el is loaded. This seems not to work in XEmacs. Here's the main setup: (defun bidi-setup-categories () "Create new categories for bidi according to UAX#9. This sets all the categories defined in `bidi-categories'." (let ((table (standard-category-table))) (mapc (lambda (var) (let ((cat (get-unused-category table)) (doc (get var 'variable-documentation))) (when (symbol-value var) (error "%S is already set" var)) (unless cat (error "No more unused categories available")) (set var cat) (define-category cat doc table))) bidi-categories))) This uses the variables in the following lists: (defvar bidi-categories '(bidi-category-l bidi-category-lre bidi-category-lro bidi-category-r bidi-category-al bidi-category-rle bidi-category-rlo bidi-category-pdf bidi-category-en bidi-category-es bidi-category-et bidi-category-an bidi-category-cs bidi-category-nsm bidi-category-bn bidi-category-b bidi-category-s bidi-category-ws bidi-category-on) "List of categories variables used by bidi algorithms. Each category variable holds a character. This character identifies the category.") After running bidi-setup-categories, the bidi-category-* variables all hold a character, each used for a different category. The tables then use the categories thus defined. One way to do this in XEmacs would be to add the categories at the C level (the lispref didn't have much to say on categories), or to create a new category table where our categories will not clash with existing categories. I don't know how much memory a new category table would actually use, perhaps that would seem the best alternative. Anyway, if you are interested in the code, send me mail. Alex. -- http://www.emacswiki.org/