Recently I upgraded my Gnus package from 1.45 to 1.50. After that, suddenly I cannot see any Japanese characters in the *Summary* buffer. All the characters became '~' now. The *Article* buffer still works well. I tried xemacs -vanilla and the problem disappeared, so I tracked down the reason and finally found that (load "mime-setup") caused the problem. Without it, Gnus shows Japanese perfectly. I believe that I need mime-setup in the previous version of Gnus. It seems that new Gnus (5.8.7?) now has its own MIME functions, and I guess some tweaks in mime-setup conflict with them. Currently I don't need tm (I used it only for the old Gnus), so it is okay for me to eliminate mime-setup. But there should be someone who need mime-setup for other applications. I don't really know about the detail of interactions between tm and Gnus, but I guess some treatments should be done for the new Gnus package. Oh, I used mime-setup in tm-1.23-pkg. I believe it is the latest one. Regards, -- Yoshiaki Kasahara Computing and Communications Center, Kyushu University kasahara(a)nc.kyushu-u.ac.jp